JAVA中JNI概述

Primitive Types

The following table describes Java primitive types and their machine-dependent native equivalents.

Primitive Types and Native Equivalents

Java Type	Native Type	Description
boolean	jboolean	unsigned 8 bits
byte	jbyte	signed 8 bits
char	jchar	unsigned 16 bits
short	jshort	signed 16 bits
int	jint	signed 32 bits
long	jlong	signed 64 bits
float	jfloat	32 bits
double	jdouble	64 bits
void	void	not applicable

The following definition is provided for convenience.

#define JNI_FALSE  0
#define JNI_TRUE   1

The jsize integer type is used to describe cardinal indices and sizes:

typedef jint jsize;

Reference Types

The JNI includes a number of reference types that correspond to different kinds of Java objects. JNI reference types are organized in the following hierarchy:

• jobject
  • jclass (java.lang.Class objects)
  • jstring (java.lang.String objects)
  • jarray (arrays)
    • jobjectArray (object arrays)
    • jbooleanArray (boolean arrays)
    • jbyteArray (byte arrays)
    • jcharArray (char arrays)
    • jshortArray (short arrays)
    • jintArray (int arrays)
    • jlongArray (long arrays)
    • jfloatArray (float arrays)
    • jdoubleArray (double arrays)
  • jthrowable (java.lang.Throwable objects)

In C, all other JNI reference types are defined to be the same as jobject. For example:

typedef jobject jclass;

In C++, JNI introduces a set of dummy classes to enforce the subtyping relationship. For example:

class _jobject {};
class _jclass : public _jobject {};
// ...
typedef _jobject *jobject;
typedef _jclass *jclass;

Field and Method IDs

Method and field IDs are regular C pointer types:

struct _jfieldID;              /* opaque structure */
typedef struct _jfieldID *jfieldID;   /* field IDs */

struct _jmethodID;              /* opaque structure */
typedef struct _jmethodID *jmethodID; /* method IDs */

The Value Type

The jvalue union type is used as the element type in argument arrays. It is declared as follows:

typedef union jvalue {
    jboolean z;
    jbyte    b;
    jchar    c;
    jshort   s;
    jint     i;
    jlong    j;
    jfloat   f;
    jdouble  d;
    jobject  l;
} jvalue;

Type Signatures

The JNI uses the Java VM’s representation of type signatures. The following table shows these type signatures.

Java VM Type Signatures

Type Signature	Java Type
Z	boolean
B	byte
C	char
S	short
I	int
J	long
F	float
D	double
L fully-qualified-class ;	fully-qualified-class
[ type	type[]
( arg-types ) ret-type	method type

For example, the Java method:

long f (int n, String s, int[] arr);

has the following type signature:

(ILjava/lang/String;[I)J